Shoulder instability occurs when the joint loses the ability to stay stable during certain movements, which can cause episodes of dislocation — when the shoulder comes completely out of position — or subluxation.
When these episodes are recurrent, when there is damage to the structures that stabilize the joint, or when instability limits daily or sporting activity, surgical treatment may be needed to restore the stability and function of the shoulder.
The surgery aims to repair or reconstruct the structures responsible for keeping the joint stable.
Depending on the type of injury, the patient's anatomy and the presence of bone loss, the procedure may be performed by shoulder arthroscopy, using small incisions and a camera to repair the injured structures, or through other stabilization techniques when the case requires it.
The surgical technique is selected individually after studying the specific characteristics of the injury.
It may be considered in patients with: